Health effects with consumption of the flax lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside
- PMID: 20003621
- DOI: 10.1017/S0007114509992753
Health effects with consumption of the flax lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside
Abstract
Flaxseed is the richest source of the lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG). After ingestion, SDG is converted to secoisolariciresinol, which is further metabolised to the mammalian lignans enterodiol and enterolactone. A growing body of evidence suggests that SDG metabolites may provide health benefits due to their weak oestrogenic or anti-oestrogenic effects, antioxidant activity, ability to induce phase 2 proteins and/or inhibit the activity of certain enzymes, or by mechanisms yet unidentified. Human and animal studies identify the benefits of SDG consumption. SDG metabolites may protect against CVD and the metabolic syndrome by reducing lipid and glucose concentrations, lowering blood pressure, and decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation. Flax lignans may also reduce cancer risk by preventing pre-cancerous cellular changes and by reducing angiogenesis and metastasis. Thus, dietary SDG has the potential to decrease the incidence of several chronic diseases that result in significant morbidity and mortality in industrialised countries. The available literature, though, makes it difficult to clearly identify SDG health effects because of the wide variability in study methods. However, the current evidence suggests that a dose of at least 500 mg SDG/d for approximately 8 weeks is needed to observe positive effects on cardiovascular risk factors in human patients. Flaxseed and its lignan extracts appear to be safe for most adult populations, though animal studies suggest that pregnant women should limit their exposure. The present review discusses the potential health benefits of SDG in humans, with supporting evidence from animal studies, and offers suggestions for future research.
Similar articles
-
Flaxseed and pure secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, but not flaxseed hull, reduce human breast tumor growth (MCF-7) in athymic mice.J Nutr. 2009 Nov;139(11):2061-6. doi: 10.3945/jn.109.112508. Epub 2009 Sep 23. J Nutr. 2009. PMID: 19776177
-
Dietary secoisolariciresinol diglucoside and its oligomers with 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaric acid decrease vitamin E levels in rats.Br J Nutr. 2004 Jul;92(1):169-76. doi: 10.1079/BJN20041154. Br J Nutr. 2004. PMID: 15231000
-
Effects of the flaxseed lignans secoisolariciresinol diglucoside and its aglycone on serum and hepatic lipids in hyperlipidaemic rats.Br J Nutr. 2009 Aug;102(3):361-9. doi: 10.1017/S0007114508207488. Epub 2009 Feb 16. Br J Nutr. 2009. PMID: 19216812
-
Flaxseed and cardiovascular health.J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2009 Nov;54(5):369-77. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e3181af04e5. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2009. PMID: 19568181 Review.
-
Potential protective properties of flax lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside.Nutr J. 2015 Jul 28;14:71. doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0059-3. Nutr J. 2015. PMID: 26215288 Free PMC article. Review.
Cited by 46 articles
-
Randomized Phase IIB Trial of the Lignan Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside in Premenopausal Women at Increased Risk for Development of Breast Cancer.Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2020 Jul;13(7):623-634. doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-20-0050. Epub 2020 Apr 20. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2020. PMID: 32312713
-
Evaluation of protective efficacy of flaxseed lignan-Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside against mercuric chloride-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.Mol Biol Rep. 2019 Dec;46(6):6171-6179. doi: 10.1007/s11033-019-05052-7. Epub 2019 Sep 6. Mol Biol Rep. 2019. PMID: 31493285
-
Treatment with flaxseed oil induces apoptosis in cultured malignant cells.Heliyon. 2019 Aug 9;5(8):e02251. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02251. eCollection 2019 Aug. Heliyon. 2019. PMID: 31440598 Free PMC article.
-
Serum enterolactone concentrations are low in colon but not in rectal cancer patients.Sci Rep. 2019 Aug 1;9(1):11209. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47622-6. Sci Rep. 2019. PMID: 31371751 Free PMC article.
-
Plant-based foods and the microbiome in the preservation of health and prevention of disease.Am J Clin Nutr. 2019 Aug 1;110(2):265-266. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz127. Am J Clin Nutr. 2019. PMID: 31268135 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
-
Full Text Sources
-
Other Literature Sources
-
Medical